一种面向嵌入式平台部署的星座遥感图检测方法
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上海卫星工程研究所,上海 201109

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国家科技重大专项资助项目(2024ZD1100402)


A Satellite-constellation Remote Sensing Image Detection Method for Embedded Platform Deployment
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(Shanghai institution of Satellite Engineering,Shanghai 201109,China)

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    摘要:

    星座遥感图像中感兴趣对象提取面临着许多挑战,如背景复杂、对象尺度差异大、分布密集等,这些挑战严重制约了检测算法在遥感领域的实际应用。近年来,深度学习技术发展迅速,单阶段检测算法在遥感图像识别任务中展现出巨大的优势。然而,如何在资源受限的嵌入式计算平台上实现高精度、低延迟的图像检测,仍是遥感领域亟待解决的重要问题。因此,本文针对嵌入式部署需求,提出一种基于改进YOLOv5的遥感图像感兴趣对象检测方法。通过引入坐标注意力机制增强网络对空间位置信息的感知能力,有效抑制背景干扰导致的虚警问题。采用简化的空间金字塔和双向金字塔融合模块提升不同尺度的特征融合,后处理阶段引入自适应非极大抑制算法降低误检率。实验结果表明:所提方法在保持轻量化特性的同时显著提升了遥感图像中小尺度对象的检测精度,在遥感图像数据集上达到平均精度(mAP)85.8%,在嵌入式平台上实现每秒传输帧数(FPS)160的实时推理速度,展现了良好的实时性与运行性能。

    Abstract:

    The extraction of target objects of interest from satellite-constellation remote sensing images faces several challenges,such as complex backgrounds,large differences in object scales,and dense target distributions,which significantly limits the practical application of detection algorithms in remote sensing tasks.In recent years,deep learning technology has developed rapidly,and single shot multi-box detector (SSD) algorithms have demonstrated significant advantages in remote sensing object recognition tasks.However,achieving high-precision and low-latency detection on resource-constrained embedded platforms remains a critical issue.In view of this,a remote sensing object detection method based on an improved YOLOv5 framework is proposed in this paper,tailored for embedded deployment scenarios.A lightweight coordinate attention mechanism is introduced to enhance the network’s perception of spatial positional information,effectively suppressing the false positives caused by the background interference.A simplified spatial pyramid pooling module and a bidirectional feature pyramid fusion structure are adopted to improve the multi-scale feature integration.At the post-processing stage,an adaptive non-maximum suppression (Adaptive-NMS) algorithm is designed to reduce false detections by dynamically adjusting the suppression threshold based on the spatial object density.The experimental results show that the proposed method significantly improves the detection accuracy of small objects in remote sensing images while maintaining a lightweight structure.It achieves a mean average precision (mAP) of 85.8% on the remote sensing dataset and reaches a real-time inference speed of 160 frames per second (FPS) on the embedded platform,demonstrating excellent real-time performance and operational efficiency.

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陈铖,杨彬,马文佳,代海山,汪少林,刘良凤.一种面向嵌入式平台部署的星座遥感图检测方法[J].上海航天(中英文),2025,42(5):112-120.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-07-15
  • 最后修改日期:2025-07-30
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-10-27
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