The power system of manned spaceflight is huge system engineering with complex state， high reliability requirement， and great technical difficulty. In this paper， the composition and characteristics of the power system of manned spaceflight in China are expounded. Then， the technical breakthroughs and technical guidance in various stages of the power system are introduced and discussed in detail from the aspects such as power system architectures， solar cell wings， energy storage batteries， grid connected control， and on-orbit maintenance and replacement. Finally， the prospects for the power system of the follow-up manned lunar exploration are put forward， and the key research directions and key technologies are summarized， which lays a technical foundation for the successful implementation of manned lunar exploration missions in the future.